. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "TextLocation" . "Review" . "gtp(p(PFH:\"RAS Family\")) -> kin(complex(NCH:\"p85/p110 PI3Kinase Complex\"))" . "Approximately 2000 hand curated statements drawn from 57 PubMeds." . "Copyright (c) 2011-2012, Selventa. All Rights Reserved." . "BEL Framework Small Corpus Document" . "Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License" . . "1.6" . "Localization of GTP-bound Ras to the inner surface of the cell membrane activates\nseveral downstream effectors, most notably the serine/threonine kinase Raf, which\nis the first signaling element in the MAPK pathway. 2,67,68 As shown in Figure\n1, other downstream effectors of Ras include the PI3K cell survival pathway, the\nsmall GTP-binding proteins Rac and Rho, and the stress-activated protein kinase\npathway (also referred to as the c-jun N-terminal kinase [JNK] pathway). 69-71\nIn addition, in response to cellular stress and cytokine stimulation mediated\nthrough Ras, the dual-specificity p38MAPK kinases (MKK3 and MKK6) and the JNK kinases\n(MKK4 and MKK7) phosphorylate p38MAPK and JNK, respectively. 72-76" . . "support@belframework.org" . "Selventa" . . . . "2014-07-03T14:29:30.381+02:00"^^ . . .